History of Pencak Silat

Pencak Silat as part of the culture of the Indonesian nation evolved in line with the history of Indonesian society. With a variety of geographical and ethnological as well as the situation changes over time experienced by the people of Indonesia, Pencak Silat is formed by the circumstances. Pencak Silat Now we know the shape and style of its diverse, yet have the same aspects. Pencak Silat is the personality elements of the Indonesian people who owned the results of cultivation are hereditary. Until now there is no script or himmpunan on the history of Indonesian people are defending themselves naturally prepared and reliable as well as the source for a more orderly development. Only hereditary and personal or group of background and history of spoken core self-defense. Properties formed by the closure because the colonial period in the past an obstacle in the development where we now are demanding openness and broader pemassalan. The history of Pencak Silat is a glimpse can be divided in the period:

a. Developments before the Dutch colonial era
b. Developments in the Dutch colonial era
c. Growth in the Japanese colonial era
d. Developments at the time of independence

a. Developments in the days before the Dutch colonization

Our ancestors have had a high civilization, so it can develop into an advanced family of nations. The regions and islands are inhabited berkembnag into society with good governance and an orderly life. Good self-defense in the era which primarily based on high personal ability, is the basis of self-defense systems, both in dealing with the struggle of life as well as in the defense group.

Self-defense experts, and warriors get a high place in society. So did the masters who make yagn powerful personal weapons such as kris, spears and special weapons. Powerful forces in the era of Sriwijaya and Majapahit and other kingdoms in those days consisted of soldiers who have individual self-defense skills is high. Pemukupan soul soldiering and kesatriaan always given for excellence in the science of self-defense. To be a soldier or warrior diperulan terms and in-depth training under the guidance of a teacher. During the development of Islamic religious sciences fostered self-defense with spiritual teachings. So that the bases of Islam is known for his martial science altitude. Clearly, since the Dutch colonial era before we have had a system of self-defense in accordance with the nature and innate Indonesian nation.



b. The development of Pencak Silat in Dutch colonial times

A foreign government in power in a country seldom give attention to the view of life that governed the nation. Belandan government does not provide development opportunities or self-defense Pencak Silat National, because it is deemed harmful to the continuity of colonization. Prohibition to practice martial held even a ban on association and assembly. So that the development of life or self-defense Pencak Silat Indonesian people who had strong roots in their lives lose their footing. Only by stealth and by small groups of Pencak Silat is maintained. The opportunities which allowed only the development of art or art solely still used in some areas, which leads to a performance or ceremony only. Essence of the soul and spirit of self-defense can not fully developed. Effect of an emphasis on the Dutch colonial era was a lot of color development for the period thereafter Pencak Silat.

c. Pencak Silat developments on the Japanese occupation

Japanese politics of different nations occupied by the Dutch political. Against the National Pencak Silat as a science driven and developed for the benefit Japan itself, with fomenting the spirit of defense against an ally. Everywhere, at the instigation of Shimitsu held power flow convergence Pencak Silat. Founded in unison across Java Pencak Silat movements are regulated by the Government. In Jakarta at that time have been created by the builder of a olarhaga based Pencak Silat Pencak Silat, which is proposed for use as a sports movement in every morning in schools. The proposal was rejected by Shimitsu for fear will urge Taysho, Japan. Even if Japan gives us an opportunity to revive elements of the greatness of our nation's heritage, the aim is to use the spirit which is expected to flare again in the interest of Japan itself is not for our national interests.

However, we admit, there are also benefits that we derive from that era. We are beginning to recognize again will restore science requirement Pencak Silat at the place formerly occupied in our society.

d. The development of Pencak Silat in the Age of Independence

Although in Pencak Silat Dutch colonial period was not given a place to grow, but there are still many young people who learn and explore through Pencak Silat teachers, or hereditary in the family environment. Soul and spirit of national revival since Budi Utomo was established to find the elements of cultural heritage that can be developed as a national identity. Through the Preparatory Committee for Indonesian Pencak Silat Association then on May 18, 1948 in Surakarta was formed, chaired by Mr IPSI. Wongsonegoro.

The main program in addition to uniting the streams and Pencak Silat in Indonesia, IPSI program submitted to the Government to incorporate the lessons of Pencak Silat in schools.

Businesses that have been pioneered in the early period of stewardship in the fifties, which was then less attention, starting with the holding of a seminar initiated Pencak Silat by the Government in 1973 in Tugu, Bogor. In the inaugural seminar of this reason is the term for self-defense art bagnsa Indonesia under the name "Pencak Silat" which is a compound word. In the past, not all areas in Indonesia using the term Pencak Silat. In some areas in Java commonly used name, while in Sumatra Pencak Silat people call. Medium pencak own words may have special meaning as well as the word silat.

Pencak, can have a basic understanding of martial arts movement, which is bound by rules and used in the study, practice and performance.

Silat, a martial has the sense of movement is perfect, which is based on the pure spirituality of pure, to the safety of self or the common welfare, avoid being / mankind from self-defense or disaster. Nowadays the term martial arts contain elements of sports, arts, martial arts and mysticism. Definition of martial arts ever made more PB. IPSI together BAKIN year 1975 are as follows:

"Pencak Silat Indonesia is the result of human culture to defend / preserve the existence (independence) and integrity (manunggalnya) on the environment / natural surroundings to achieve harmony of life in order to increase faith and piety to God Almighty.

Pencak Silat as a spiritual teachings

Pencak Silat are generally taught personal self-knowledge as human beings or any living thing pecaya higher power is God Almighty. Usually, Pencak Silat as a spiritual teachings / psychotherapy given to students who have advanced in their studies Silatnya Pencak. The goal is to improve the manners of the student or magnanimity. Pencak Silat eventually have to realize the goal of harmony / balance / harmony / natural surrounding to increase faith and piety to God Almighty, to fill the Indonesian National Development in realizing that the whole Indonesian Pancasila.

Pencak Silat as art

The special feature of Pencak Silat is the art that in certain areas there is a unique drum accompaniment. At this point there are artistic rules of motion and rhythm that is a specific depth (skill). Pencak Silat as an art must comply with the provisions, harmony, balance, harmony between wirama, wirasa and wiraga.

In some areas of Indonesia Pencak Silat is shown almost exclusively as the art of dance, which is nothing like as sports or martial arts. For example serampang twelve dance in North Sumatra, West Sumatra Randai dance and Tap dance Tilu in West Java. The dancers are able to demonstrate that dance as an effective martial movement, and efficiently to ensure personal safety.

Pencak Silat as a general sports

Although the elements as well as its aspects contained in Pencak Silat can not be broken apart, but guidance on pathways each can be done. On review from the aspect of Pencak Silat sport would have certain elements in accordance with the purpose of restriction of movement and the business can meet the physical and spiritual functions. Pencak Silat movements can be done by men or women, children and parents / adults, as individuals / groups.

Attempts to develop sports elements contained in Pencak Silat as a sport in its intensity generally divided into

a. Recreational Sports
b. Sports achievements
c. Mass Sports

In Pencak Silat seminar in Tugu, Bogor in 1973, the Government along with sports coaches and Pencak Silat has been discussed and concluded the papers:

1. Determining the term used for Pencak Silat
2. Inclusion of Pencak Silat as a curriculum in educational institutions
3. Pencak Silat teaching methods in schools
4. Energy procurement adviser / teacher for Pencak Silat schools
5. Guidance teachers organizations and activities Pencak Silat Pencak Silat in the school environment
6. Instilling passion and mobilize and Pencak Silat memassalkan among students.

As a follow up of these thoughts and at the instigation of President Suharto, mass sports programs are worked out beforehand physical refreshment, which has resulted Morning Gymnastics program Indonesia (SPI).

Pencak Silat as a sport performance (sports games)

Development of Pencak Silat as a sport & game (Championships) have been initiated since 1969, through experiments with a game at the regions and at the central level. In PON VIII in 1973 in Jakarta has competed for the first time, which constitute the first National Championships as well. Problems to overcome is the number of flow and the existence of elements that are not sports that have been so seep among Pencak Silat. With the consciousness of the Pencak Silat warriors and supervisors as well as the ongoing efforts of this program and now sports an essential part of the coaching Pencak Silat in general. Pencak Silat While this has been disseminated in the countries Holland, Belgium, Luxemburg, French, English, Danish, West Germany, Suriname, United States, Australia, New Zealand.

Pencak Silat training program

Pencak Silat as a national culture of Indonesia has a wide variety of typical maisng respective regions, the number of college / school in every corner of the ground water is estimated as many as 820 colleges / flow.

Therefore felt the need for systematic coaching to preserve the heritage of our ancestors. All the more so after Kungfu into IPSI, at the instigation of the Government based on a better consideration of Kungfu is in making it easier IPSI in conducting surveillance and control to it, as well as nationalized.

Who has pioneered the standardization of production, just for the basic stance for the special needs of sports and martial arts. While its development has been submitted kepad any existing universities. Guidance systems used by the IPSI there is any aspect which made the development path, so that the coaching line Pencak Silat include:

1. Line art coaching
2. Line sports coaching
3. Line coaching martial
4. Line psychotherapy coaching

The fourth line was processed, with filter and socio-cultural machinery, namely Pancasila.

? Symbol Meaning IPSI

Basic Color White: means saint in charitable deeds

Color Red: It means bold in the truth

Green Color: means serenity in the face of everything that led to stability
soul, because it was always faithful and to God the Almighty bertauhid Esar
by wisdom and calm

Color Yellow: means that the IPSI priority to character and physical and spiritual welfare
to its triumph in the homeland

Forms Shielding Aspects of Five: It means that the IPSI berasaskan idiil basis of Pancasila, and aims
Pancasila true human form

Garuda-colored wings

Berototkan yellow red: mean power of the Indonesian people who bersendikan purity, and keluruhan
dynamics, wing 18 sheets, feather sheets 5 sheets + 4 + 8 pieces means dates
IPSI was established May 18, 1948. 18 wing pieces, consisting of 17 +1 means
IPSI with the spirit of the Proclamation of Independence berssatu build state

String of five circles: IPSI symbolize that bond through sports is a fairy
between the various streams of humanity by holding fast to the principle of kinship,
brotherhood and kegotong royongan

Ties a red ribbon

White: that IPSI is a unifying bond of the various flow Pencak
Silat, which is the result of a strong cultural flavor because it is based on
nation, language and landless Indonesian water.

White hand drawing

Basic green in: illustrates that IPSI assist countries in the field of resilience
through the development of national mental / physical order cadres personality IPSI
national as well as able-bodied, strong and sturdy

Versi PB IPSI,taken from www.persilat.net